Part 1 · Sub-section 8 of 8

Australia's Symbols

Australia has a rich set of national symbols that represent our identity, natural heritage, and unity as a nation. These include the Commonwealth Coat of Arms, the national flower, national colours, national gemstone, and the national anthem.

Commonwealth Coat of Arms

The Commonwealth Coat of Arms is the official symbol of the Commonwealth of Australia. It represents our national unity and identifies the authority and property of the Commonwealth of Australia.

Commonwealth Coat of Arms — Elements
Gold StarCommonwealth Star
sits above the shield
Kangaroosupports shield
native animal
Shieldrepresents the
6 states & federation
Emusupports shield
native animal
Golden Wattleforms the background
Australia's national flower
The shield in the centre represents the six states and federation
A kangaroo and an emu support the shield on each side — both are native Australian animals
A gold Commonwealth Star sits above the shield
The background is the golden wattle, Australia's national flower
Key Fact: The kangaroo and emu were chosen partly because neither animal can easily walk backwards — symbolising Australia always moving forward.

National Symbols at a Glance

🌿
National Flower
Golden Wattle
Grows mainly in south-eastern Australia. Bright green leaves with many golden yellow flowers in spring. Each state and territory also has its own floral emblem.
🟢🟡
National Colours
Green and Gold
The colours of the golden wattle. The uniforms of Australia's national sports teams are usually green and gold.
💎
National Gemstone
Opal
According to Aboriginal legend, a rainbow touched the earth and created the colours of the opal.
🎵
National Anthem
Advance Australia Fair
Sung on occasions of national importance — citizenship ceremonies and major sporting events.

National Flower — Golden Wattle

Australia's national flower is the golden wattle. This small tree grows mainly in south-eastern Australia. It has bright green leaves and many golden yellow flowers in spring.

Each of the states and territories of Australia also has its own floral emblem. The golden wattle is the inspiration behind Australia's national colours.

National Colours — Green and Gold

Australia's national colours are green and gold — the colours of the golden wattle. The uniforms of our national sports teams are usually green and gold.

Important: Green and gold are the national colours, but they are NOT the colours of the Australian National Flag (which is blue, white and red). Do not confuse these two facts.

National Gemstone — Opal

The opal is Australia's national gemstone. According to Aboriginal legend, a rainbow touched the earth and created the colours of the opal.

National Anthem — Advance Australia Fair

'Advance Australia Fair' is Australia's national anthem. It is sung on occasions of national importance.

When is it sung?

The national anthem is sung on occasions of national importance, including:

🏛️ Australian citizenship ceremonies 🏅 Major sporting events 🎖️ National commemorations 🗓️ Australia Day events

Key Points to Remember

🎉 Part 1 Complete!

You've mastered all 8 sub-sections of Part 1: Australia and its People. Continue below to start Part 2: Democratic Beliefs & Rights.

Quick Check

Score: 0/5
Question 1 of 5
What is Australia's national flower?
Why it matters: The golden wattle is Australia's national flower. It grows mainly in south-eastern Australia with bright green leaves and golden yellow flowers in spring. It also inspired Australia's national colours.
Question 2 of 5
What are Australia's national colours, and what inspired them?
Why it matters: Australia's national colours are green and gold — the colours of the golden wattle. These are the colours worn by national sports teams. Note: blue, white and red are the FLAG colours — not the national colours.
Question 3 of 5
What is Australia's national gemstone?
Why it matters: The opal is Australia's national gemstone. According to Aboriginal legend, a rainbow touched the earth and created the many colours of the opal.
Question 4 of 5
Which two animals appear on the Commonwealth Coat of Arms?
Why it matters: The kangaroo and emu appear on the Commonwealth Coat of Arms, supporting the shield on each side. Both are native Australian animals, and neither can easily walk backwards — symbolising forward progress.
Question 5 of 5
What is Australia's national anthem?
Why it matters: 'Advance Australia Fair' is Australia's national anthem. It is sung at citizenship ceremonies and major sporting events. 'Waltzing Matilda' is a famous Australian song but is NOT the national anthem.

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